1. Khwerero 1: Kusungunula
Aluminiyamu amapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito electrolysis pamlingo wa mafakitale ndipo zosungunulira za aluminiyumu zimafunikira mphamvu zambiri kuti ziziyenda bwino. Ma smelters nthawi zambiri amakhala moyandikana ndi magetsi akuluakulu chifukwa amafunikira mphamvu. Kuwonjezeka kulikonse kwa mtengo wa mphamvu, kapena kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zomwe zimafunika kuyeretsa aluminiyamu kupita ku kalasi yapamwamba, kumawonjezera mtengo wazitsulo za aluminiyumu. Kuonjezera apo, aluminiyumu yomwe yasungunuka imalekanitsa ndikupita kumalo osonkhanitsa. Njirayi ilinso ndi zofunikira zambiri zamagetsi, zomwe zimakhudzanso mitengo yamsika ya aluminiyamu.
2. Khwerero 2: Kuthamanga Kwambiri
Kugudubuza kotentha ndi imodzi mwa njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri zochepetsera zitsulo za aluminiyamu. Pakugudubuzika kotentha, zitsulo zimatenthedwa pamwamba pa mfundo ya recrystallization kuti ziwonongeke ndikuzipanganso. Kenako, chitsulo ichi chimadutsa mumipukutu imodzi kapena zingapo. Izi zimachitika kuti muchepetse makulidwe, kupanga makulidwe ofanana, komanso kuti mukwaniritse makina omwe mukufuna. Koyilo ya aluminiyamu imapangidwa pokonza pepala pa madigiri 1700 Fahrenheit.
Njirayi imatha kupanga mawonekedwe okhala ndi magawo oyenerera a geometrical ndi mawonekedwe azinthu ndikusunga voliyumu yachitsulo nthawi zonse. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri popanga zinthu zomwe zatha komanso zomalizidwa, monga mbale ndi mapepala. Komabe, zomalizidwa zomalizidwa zimasiyana ndi zokometsera zozizira, zomwe zidzafotokozedwe pansipa, chifukwa zimakhala ndi makulidwe ocheperako chifukwa cha zinyalala zazing'ono pamtunda.
3. Khwerero 3: Kuzizira Kwambiri
Kuzizira kozizira kwazitsulo ndi gawo lapadera la gawo lazitsulo. Njira ya "kugudubuzika kozizira" imaphatikizapo kuyika aluminiyumu kudzera paodzigudubuza pa kutentha kochepa kuposa kutentha kwake kwa recrystallization. Kufinya ndi kukanikiza chitsulo kumawonjezera zokolola zake mphamvu ndi kuuma. Kuzizira kozizira kumachitika pa ntchito yowumitsa kutentha (kutentha pansi pa kutentha kwa recrystallization) ndi kutentha kotentha kumachitika pamwamba pa ntchito yowumitsa kutentha- uku ndiko kusiyana pakati pa kugudubuza kotentha ndi kuzizira.
Mafakitale ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito njira zochizira zitsulo zomwe zimadziwika kuti kuzizira kozizira kuti apange mizere ndi zitsulo zokhala ndi geji yomaliza yomwe akufuna. Mipukutuyo nthawi zambiri imatenthedwa kuti aluminiyumu ikhale yogwira ntchito, ndipo mafuta amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza mzere wa aluminiyumu kuti usamamatire pamipukutu. Kuti mukonze bwino, kuyenda ndi kutentha kwa mipukutu kumatha kusinthidwa. Mzere wa aluminiyamu, womwe udayamba kale kugudubuzika ndi kutentha, ndi njira zina, kuphatikiza kuyeretsa ndi kuchiritsa, umaziziritsidwa mpaka kutentha kwa chipinda usanayikidwe mumzere wozizira wa mphero mumakampani a aluminiyamu. Aluminiyamu amatsukidwa pomutsuka ndi zotsukira ndipo mankhwalawa amapangitsa kuti koyilo ya aluminiyamu ikhale yolimba kuti zisapirire kugudubuza kuzizira.
Pambuyo pokonzekera izi, mizere imadutsa mobwerezabwereza kupyolera mu ma roller, pang'onopang'ono kutaya makulidwe. Ndege zazitsulo zazitsulo zimasokonekera ndikuzimitsa nthawi yonseyi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale chinthu cholimba, chomaliza. Kuzizira kozizira ndi imodzi mwa njira zodziwika kwambiri zowumitsa aluminiyamu chifukwa kumachepetsa makulidwe a aluminiyumu pamene akuphwanyidwa ndikukankhidwa kupyolera muzitsulo. Njira yozungulira yozizira imatha kutsitsa makulidwe a koyilo ya aluminiyamu mpaka 0.15 mm.
4. Khwerero 4: Annealing
Njira yopangira annealing ndi njira yotenthetsera yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kuti ikhale yofewa komanso yosakhazikika. Kutsika kwa ma dislocation mu mawonekedwe a kristalo a zinthu zomwe zikusungidwa kumayambitsa kusinthaku kwa kuuma ndi kusinthasintha. Kupewa kulephera kwamphamvu kapena kupangitsa kuti chinthucho chizigwira ntchito bwino potsatira maopaleshoni, annealing imachitika kaŵirikaŵiri pambuyo poumitsa kapena kuzizira.
Pokhazikitsanso bwino mawonekedwe ambewu ya crystalline, annealing imabwezeretsa ndege zoterera ndikupangitsa kuti gawolo likhale lopanda mphamvu. Aloyi ya aluminiyamu yolimba ntchito iyenera kutenthedwa ku kutentha kwapakati pa 570 ° F ndi 770 ° F kwa nthawi yokonzedweratu, kuyambira pafupi mphindi makumi atatu mpaka maola atatu. Kukula kwa gawo lomwe likulumikizidwa ndi aloyi amapangidwa kuti adziwe kutentha ndi zofunikira za nthawi, motsatana.
Annealing imapangitsanso kukhazikika kwa gawo, kuthetsa mavuto omwe amadza chifukwa cha kupsyinjika kwamkati, komanso kuchepetsa nkhawa zamkati zomwe zingabwere, mwa zina, panthawi ya machitidwe monga kuzizira kapena kuponyera. Kuphatikiza apo, ma aloyi a aluminiyamu omwe sangachiritsidwe ndi kutentha amathanso kutsekedwa bwino. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zida za aluminiyamu, zotuluka, kapena zopukutira.
Kuthekera kwa chinthu kupangidwa kumakulitsidwa ndi annealing. Kupondereza kapena kupindika molimba, zida zowonongeka zimatha kukhala zovuta popanda kusweka. Kuchepetsa kumathandizira kuchotsa izi. Kuonjezera apo, kutsekemera kungathe kuwonjezera machinability. Kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa chinthu kungapangitse kuti zida ziwonongeke kwambiri. Kupyolera mu annealing, kuuma kwa zinthu kumatha kuchepetsedwa, zomwe zingachepetse kuvala kwa zida. Mavuto aliwonse otsala amathetsedwa ndi annealing. Nthawi zambiri ndi bwino kuchepetsa mikangano yotsalira kulikonse komwe kungatheke chifukwa kungayambitse ming'alu ndi zovuta zina zamakina.
5. Khwerero 5: Kudula ndi Kudula
Zopangira aluminiyamu zimatha kupangidwa mumpukutu umodzi wautali kwambiri. Kuti anyamule koyiloyo m'mipukutu yaying'ono, komabe, iyenera kudulidwa. Kuti muchite izi, mipukutu ya aluminiyamu imayendetsedwa kudzera pazida zomangira pomwe masamba akuthwa modabwitsa amadula molondola. Pamafunika mphamvu zambiri kuti tichite ntchitoyi. Slitters amagawaniza mpukutuwo kukhala tiziduswa tating'onoting'ono pomwe mphamvu yogwiritsidwa ntchito ipitilira mphamvu ya aluminiyumu yolimba.
Kuti ayambe kudula, aluminiyumu imayikidwa mu uncoiler. Pambuyo pake, amadutsa mipeni yozungulira. Masambawo amayikidwa kuti apeze m'mphepete mwawo wodulidwa bwino, poganizira m'lifupi mwake ndi chilolezo chomwe mukufuna. Kuwongolera zinthu zong'ambika kwa recoiler, zinthuzo zimadyetsedwa kudzera mwa olekanitsa. Kenako aluminiyamuyo amakulungidwa ndi kukulunga mu koyilo kukonzekera kutumizidwa.
Gulu la Jindalai Steel Group ndi Kampani Yotsogola ya Aluminium Yotsogola komanso Yogulitsa koyilo ya aluminiyamu/sheet/plate/strip/pipe/foil. Tili ndi makasitomala ochokera ku Philippines, Thane, Mexico, Turkey, Pakistan, Oman, Israel, Egypt, Arab, Vietnam, Myanmar, India etc. Tumizani kufunsa kwanu ndipo tidzasangalala kukufunsani mwaukadaulo.
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Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-19-2022