Pa gawo lalikulu la malonda azitsulo padziko lonse lapansi, miyezo yachitsulo imakhala ngati olamulira enieni, kuyeza ubwino ndi ndondomeko ya mankhwala. Miyezo yachitsulo m'maiko ndi zigawo zosiyanasiyana ndi yosiyana, monga masitayilo osiyanasiyana anyimbo, iliyonse imayimba nyimbo yapadera. Kwa makampani omwe akuchita nawo malonda achitsulo padziko lonse lapansi, kudziwa molondola kufananitsa kwa kalasi pakati pamiyezo iyi ndiye chinsinsi chotsegulira chitseko cha malonda opambana. Sizingatheke kutsimikizira kuti zitsulo zomwe zimakwaniritsa zofunikira zimagulidwa, komanso kupewa mikangano yosiyanasiyana yomwe imayambitsidwa ndi kusamvetsetsana kwa miyezo mu malonda, ndikuchepetsa kuopsa kwa malonda. Lero, tiyang'ana pa Russian muyezo zitsulo ndi Chinese muyezo zitsulo, kusanthula mozama zinthu kalasi poyerekeza pakati pawo, ndi kufufuza chinsinsi.
Kutanthauzira Chinese muyezo zitsulo zakuthupi kalasi
Dongosolo lokhazikika lachitsulo la China lili ngati nyumba yokongola kwambiri, yokhazikika komanso mwadongosolo. Mu dongosolo lino, wamba mpweya structural zitsulo amaimiridwa ndi magiredi monga Q195, Q215, Q235, ndi Q275. "Q" imayimira mphamvu zokolola, ndipo chiwerengero ndi mtengo wa mphamvu zokolola mu megapascals. Kutengera chitsanzo cha Q235, ili ndi mpweya wocheperako, magwiridwe antchito abwino, mphamvu zolumikizirana, pulasitiki ndi kuwotcherera, ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pomanga ndi zomangamanga, monga kumanga mafelemu a mbewu, nsanja zotumizira ma voltage apamwamba, ndi zina zambiri.
Chitsulo chotsika kwambiri chachitsulo chimakhalanso ndi gawo lalikulu m'magawo ambiri, monga Q345, Q390 ndi magiredi ena. Q345 chitsulo ali kwambiri mabuku katundu mawotchi, kuwotcherera katundu, kutentha ndi ozizira processing katundu ndi kukana dzimbiri. Chitsulo C, D ndi E kalasi Q345 chimakhala ndi kulimba kwa kutentha kochepa ndipo nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazigawo zomangika kwambiri monga zombo, ma boilers ndi zotengera zopanikizika. Mlingo wake waubwino umachokera ku A mpaka E. Pamene zonyansa zikucheperachepera, kuuma kwamphamvu kumawonjezeka, ndipo zimatha kutengera malo ogwiritsira ntchito movutikira.
Kusanthula kwa Russian standard zitsulo zakuthupi
Dongosolo lachitsulo la Russia lakhazikika pa muyezo wa GOST, ngati chithunzi chapadera chokhala ndi malingaliro ake omanga. M'magulu ake achitsulo a carbon structural steel, zitsulo monga CT3 ndizofala kwambiri. Chitsulo chamtunduwu chimakhala ndi mpweya wochepa wa carbon ndipo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga makina, zomangamanga ndi zina, monga kupanga zing'onozing'ono zamakina, komanso kupanga matabwa ndi mizati m'nyumba zomangira wamba.
Pankhani ya chitsulo chochepa cha alloy champhamvu kwambiri, magiredi monga 09G2С amachita bwino kwambiri. Lili ndi chiŵerengero chololera cha zinthu za alloy, mphamvu zapamwamba ndi ntchito yabwino yowotcherera, ndipo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zigawo zazikulu zamagulu monga milatho ndi zombo. Pomanga mlatho, imatha kupirira zolemetsa zazikulu komanso kuyesa kwa chilengedwe kuti zitsimikizire kukhazikika kwa mlathowo. Mu ntchito zoyika mapaipi amafuta ndi gasi ku Russia, zitsulo zomwe zimakwaniritsa miyezo yaku Russia zimatha kuwoneka nthawi zambiri. Pokhala ndi kukana kwa dzimbiri komanso mphamvu zambiri, amasinthasintha kuti agwirizane ndi nyengo yovuta komanso nyengo ndikuwonetsetsa chitetezo chamayendedwe amagetsi. Poyerekeza ndi miyezo yaku China, zitsulo zokhazikika zaku Russia zimakhala ndi zosiyana pazofunikira komanso zofunikira pakuchita zinthu zina, ndipo kusiyana kumeneku kumabweretsanso mawonekedwe awo pazogwiritsa ntchito zosiyanasiyana.
Kuyerekeza tsatanetsatane wazinthu zachitsulo zamakalasi pakati pa China ndi Russia
Kuti tiwonetse mwachidziwitso kwambiri ubale wapakati pa zitsulo zaku Russia ndi zitsulo zaku China, zotsatirazi ndi tchati chofananira chazitsulo wamba:
Tengani chitsulo cha pipeline mwachitsanzo. Mu ntchito ya mapaipi amphamvu a Sino-Russian, ngati mbali yaku Russia imagwiritsa ntchito chitsulo cha K48, mbali yaku China imatha kugwiritsa ntchito chitsulo cha L360 m'malo mwake. Awiriwa ali ndi machitidwe ofanana mu mphamvu ndi kulimba, ndipo akhoza kukwaniritsa zofunikira za payipi kuti athe kupirira kupanikizika kwa mkati ndi kunja kwa chilengedwe. Pantchito yomanga, pamene ntchito zomanga ku Russia zimagwiritsa ntchito zitsulo za C345, zitsulo za Q345 za ku China zingathenso kugwira ntchito yabwino ndi zinthu zofanana zamakina komanso weldability wabwino kuti zitsimikizire kukhazikika kwa nyumbayo. Kuyerekeza kwazinthu izi ndikofunikira pazamalonda zenizeni ndi uinjiniya. Zingathandize makampani kuti agwirizane ndi zosowa zawo pogula ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zitsulo, kusankha zitsulo moyenera, kuchepetsa ndalama, kulimbikitsa chitukuko chabwino cha malonda achitsulo a Sino-Russian, ndikupereka chithandizo champhamvu kuti akwaniritse bwino ntchito zosiyanasiyana zaumisiri.
Sankhani Jindalai kutsegula mutu watsopano mu mgwirizano zitsulo
M'dziko lalikulu la malonda achitsulo a Sino-Russian, Jindalai Steel Company ili ngati nyenyezi yowala, yowala kwambiri. Nthawi zonse timatsatira kulimbikira kwa khalidwe. Kuchokera pakugula zinthu zopangira mpaka kupanga ndi kukonza, timawongolera mosamalitsa njira iliyonse kuonetsetsa kuti gulu lililonse lachitsulo likukwaniritsa kapena kupitilira miyezo yoyenera, kupatsa makasitomala chitsimikizo chamtundu wabwino kwambiri.
Ndi zida zopangira zotsogola komanso kasamalidwe koyenera, tili ndi mphamvu zoperekera mphamvu. Kaya ndi gulu laling'ono la malamulo ofulumira kapena mgwirizano waukulu wa nthawi yayitali, tikhoza kuyankha mwamsanga, kupereka nthawi ndi kuchuluka kuti tikwaniritse zosowa zosiyanasiyana za makasitomala. Tikudziwa bwino kuti utumiki wapamwamba ndiye maziko a mgwirizano. Gulu la akatswiri ogulitsa nthawi zonse limakhala lokonzeka kupereka makasitomala mndandanda wathunthu wa mautumiki ofunsira. Kuchokera pa kusankha kwazinthu mpaka kugawa kwazinthu, ulalo uliwonse umakonzedwa bwino kuti makasitomala asakhale ndi nkhawa.
Ngati muli ndi zosowa zilizonse pakugula zitsulo, kaya mukufuna zitsulo zaku Russia kapena zitsulo zaku China, chonde muzimasuka kutilankhula nafe. Tikuyembekeza kugwira ntchito nanu kuti mutsegule mutu watsopano wa mgwirizano wazitsulo ndikupanga nzeru zambiri pa siteji ya malonda achitsulo a Sino-Russian.
Nthawi yotumiza: Mar-09-2025