Chitsogozo chachikulu cha zida zopanda pake: Kuyambitsa, kukonza ndi magwiridwe antchito

Mukamasankha zinthu zabwino zopanda pake, zinthu zingapo monga kuyambitsa, njira, magwiridwe, zinthu, zabwino, mankhwala, ndi zina. Ziyenera kuganiziridwa. Mapaipi osawoneka bwino amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale monga mafuta ndi mpweya, petrochemical ndi magetsi chifukwa cha mphamvu zawo zazikulu ndi kukhazikika kwawo. Mu Buku ili, tisanthula m'dziko la zinthu zopanda pake ndikuyang'ana katundu wawo.

Kuyambitsa Zogulitsa:

Njira zopangira machubu osawoneka bwino zimaphatikizira kutulutsa zolimba kudzera mu ndodo yopangidwa kuti apange chubu chopingasa. Mapaipi omwe amapangidwa ndi njirayi alibe seams kapena ma welld ndipo amalimbana kwambiri ndi kukakamizidwa ndi kutupa. Zipangizo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zosawoneka bwino zimathandizanso kudziwa mtundu wonse komanso ntchito yomaliza.

njira:

Mapaipi opanga ziwalo zosawoneka bwino zimaphatikizapo magawo angapo, kuphatikiza kusankha kwa zinthu zakuthupi, kuphatikiza, kutentha, zonunkhira komanso kumaliza. Kusankhidwa kwa zinthu ndikofunikira kwambiri chifukwa kumakhudza mwachindunji makina a chitoliro cha chitoliro ndi kukana kwa zinthu zachilengedwe. Zipangizo zodziwika bwino zomwe zitoto zopanda pake zimaphatikizapo chitsulo cha kaboni, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, ndi alloy chitsulo choyenera, chilichonse chokhala ndi zinthu zapadera pazomwe zimayenera kugwiritsa ntchito.

Magwiridwe:

Mapaipi osawoneka bwino amadziwika chifukwa cha ntchito zawo zapadera kwambiri komanso malo otentha kwambiri. Kusowa kwa ma welds kumathetsa chiopsezo cha zofooka, ndikuwonetsetsa mphamvu yofanana mu chitoliro chonse. Kuphatikiza apo, mapaipi opanda chidwi amapatsa bwino kuwonongeka, kumawapangitsa kukhala abwino kuyendetsa madzi ndi mpweya wambiri.

CHITSANZO:

Mawonekedwe ofunikira a zinthu zopanda pake zimaphatikizapo mphamvu yayikulu, kukana mphamvu ndi kuthekera kupirira kutentha kwambiri. Izi zimapangitsa chitoliro chosakhala chosakhala choyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mafakitale osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo kufufuza mafuta, kuphatikiza mankhwala, kukonzanso kwamankhwala ndi m'magetsi.

mwayi:

Pipa yopanda pake imapereka zabwino zingapo pa chitoliro chowala, kuphatikizapo kudalirika kwakukulu, kukonza koyenera, komanso chiopsezo chochepa. Ntchito yomanga yopanda pake imathandizanso kuti isayende bwino kwambiri, kuchepetsa madontho ndi mphamvu zotayika mu njira yopumira.

Pamtunda:

Kuti muwonjezere kukhazikika ndi moyo wautumiki wamapaipi osawoneka, chithandizo chosiyanasiyana champhamvu chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito, monga galleng, kuphimba kapena kupukuta. Izi mankhwalawa zimapereka chitetezo chowonjezereka ku chilengedwe ndi kuvala, kuonetsetsa kuti ziphuphu zimakhalabe bwino kwambiri pa moyo wawo wautumiki.

Chidule:

Mwachidule, kusankha chopanda chisamaliro ndi chisankho chovuta kwambiri chomwe chimakhudza mwachindunji magwiridwe antchito ndi kudalirika kwa makina opanga mafakitale. Mwa kumvetsetsa mawu oyamba, njira, magwiridwe, mawonekedwe, maubwino apadera a zinthu zosawoneka bwino, makampani amatha kupanga zisankho mwanzeru posankha zomwe amayenera kugwiritsa ntchito. Kaya chitsulo cha kaboni lonse chimagwiritsa ntchito kapena chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha malo okhala, zinthu zosawoneka bwino zam'maso zimatha kukhudza kwambiri pa ntchito yonse komanso kukhala ndi moyo wabwino wa mafakitale.