Magawo atatu a mankhwala achitsulo

Chidziwitso cha kutentha chachitetezo cha chikondwerero chitha kugawidwa m'magulu atatu: mankhwala onse oteteza kutentha, mankhwala otenthetsa pandekha komanso mankhwala kutentha kwa mankhwala. Kutengera ndi kutentha sitima, kutentha kutentha ndi njira yozizira, gulu lililonse limatha kugawidwa m'njira zingapo mankhwala. Kugwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana mankhwala, chitsulo chomwechi chitha kupeza nyumba zosiyanasiyana ndipo motero amakhala ndi malo osiyanasiyana. Zitsulo ndizomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale, ndipo micrestruction yachitsulo ndiyonso yovuta kwambiri, ndiye mitundu yambiri yamankhwala othandizira kutentha.

Chithandizo chonsechi ndi njira yachitsulo kutentha komwe kumathandizira ntchito yonseyi ndikuziziritsa mothamanga kuti musinthe mawonekedwe ake. Kutentha konse kumaphatikizapo njira zinayi zoyambira: Kupanga, kusinthana, kuthetsa ndi kusanja.

1.no

Kuyaka ndikutenthetsa malo opangira kutentha koyenera, kutengera nthawi zosiyanasiyana molingana ndi kukula kwa zinthu ndi zowongolera, kenako ndikuziziritsa pang'onopang'ono. Cholinga chake ndikupanga mawonekedwe amkati a chitsulo kapena kuyandikira boma lofanana, kapena kumasula nkhawa zamkati zomwe zatulutsidwa m'mbuyomu. Pezani magwiridwe antchito abwino ndi ntchito yautumiki, kapena konzani kapangidwe kanu kanu.

2.Kuza

Kusintha kapena kukonzanso ndikutenthetsa malo osungirako malo abwino ndikuziziritsa mlengalenga. Zotsatira za chizolowezi ndizofanana ndi zam'madzi, kupatula kuti kupezeka komwe kumakhala kokhazikika. Nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza magwiridwe antchito, ndipo nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti akwaniritse zina. Osati mbali zazitali monga chithandizo chomaliza kutentha.

3.sing

Kuzimitsa ndikuthamangira ntchito yogwira ntchitoyo, kenako ndikuziziritsa pang'ono ngati madzi, mafuta kapena njira zina mchere, zothetsera mchere.

4.Taling

Pambuyo poumitsa, zitsulo zimakhala zovuta koma nthawi yomweyo zimakhala zopanda pake. Kuti muchepetse ku Briteni wa zigawo zachitsulo, magawo otenthetsedwawo amasungidwa kutentha koyenera pamwamba pa kutentha kwa chipinda ndi pansi pa 650 ° C kwa nthawi yayitali, kenako nkuzizira. Njirayi imatchedwa kusungunuka. Kuyaka, kusinthana, kuwunjika, ndi kusala kudya ndi "moto anayi" mu chithandizo chotentha kwambiri. Zina mwazo, kupsinjika ndi kupsinjika ndi zogwirizana kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndipo ndizofunikira.

"Mafuta anayi" asintha njira zosiyanasiyana kuchiritsa ndi kutentha kosiyanasiyana komanso njira zozirira. Pofuna kupeza mphamvu zina komanso mphamvu, njira yophatikiza kupalira kwathunthu ndi kutentha kwambiri kumatchedwa kuthetsa ndi kusanja. Pambuyo pazokha zimazimitsidwa kuti zikhale yankho lokhazikika, zimasungidwa kutentha kapena kutentha kwambiri kwa nthawi yayitali kuti musinthe kuuma, nyonga kapena electromagnetic ya alloy. Njira yochizira kutentha iyi imatchedwa chithandizo chamadzulo.

Njira yosinthira moyenera komanso mankhwala osokoneza bongo kuti mupeze mphamvu yabwino komanso kulimba mtima kwa chojambulacho kumatchedwa kuti kuphwanya kutentha; Kutentha kwa kutentha komwe kumachitika chifukwa chovutikira kapena kupatulidwa kwa vacuum kutentha, komwe sikungopangitsa kuti ntchitoyo isakhale yoyamwa kapena kuchepetsedwa, ndipo kuwonongeka kwa ntchitoyo kumasungunuka, kukonza magwiridwe antchito. Itha kukhalanso kutentha kuchitidwa ndi wothandizira.

Pakadali pano, ndikukula kwaukadaulo wa laser ndi ma plasma, matekinoloje awiri awa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyika zosanja zina zowonongeka, zosalimbana ndi kutentha pamwamba pazitsulo zokhala ndi zitsulo zosinthira. Njira yatsopanoyi imatchedwa kusintha kwapamwamba.