Mitundu yazitsulo - Gulu lazitsulo

Kodi Steel ndi chiyani?
Chitsulo ndi aloyi wa Iron ndipo chinthu chachikulu (chachikulu) chophatikiza ndi Carbon. Komabe, pali zina zomwe zimasiyana ndi tanthauzo ili monga zitsulo zopanda interstitial (IF) ndi zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri 409 za ferritic, momwe mpweya umatengedwa ngati chinthu chodetsedwa.

Kodi Aloyi ndi chiyani?
Zinthu zosiyanasiyana zikasakanizidwa pang'onopang'ono mu gawo loyambira, zotsatira zake zimatchedwa alloy of the base element. Chifukwa chake chitsulo ndi aloyi wa Iron chifukwa Iron ndiye maziko (main constituent) muchitsulo ndipo chinthu chachikulu chophatikiza ndi Carbon. Zinthu zina monga Manganese, Silikoni, Nickel, Chromium, Molybdenum, Vanadium, Titanium, Niobium, Aluminium, ndi zina zimawonjezedwanso mosiyanasiyana kuti apange magiredi (kapena mitundu) ya Zitsulo.

Jindalai (Shandong) Steel Group Co., Ltd. ndi katswiri komanso wogulitsa zitsulo ndi zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri/mapaipi/makoyilo/mbale. Tumizani kufunsa kwanu ndipo tidzakhala okondwa kukufunsani mwaukadaulo.

Kodi Mitundu Yosiyanasiyana Ya Zitsulo Ndi Chiyani?
Kutengera ndi kapangidwe ka mankhwala, Zitsulo zitha kugawidwa m'magulu anayi (04):
● Chitsulo cha Kaboni
● Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri
● Chitsulo cha Aloyi
● Chitsulo cha Chida

1. Chitsulo cha Carbon:
Chitsulo cha carbon ndiye chitsulo chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale ndipo chimapanga zoposa 90% yazitsulo zonse zomwe zimapangidwa. Kutengera zomwe zili mu kaboni, zitsulo za Carbon zimagawidwanso m'magulu atatu.
● Chitsulo Chochepa Cha carbon/Mild Steel
● Chitsulo Chapakatikati cha Carbon
● Chitsulo chokwera kwambiri cha Carbon
Kaboni waperekedwa patebulo ili m'munsimu:

Ayi.	Mtundu wa carbon steel	Peresenti ya Carbon
1	Chitsulo chochepa cha Carbon / Chitsulo chochepa	Mpaka 0.25%
2	Sing'anga Carbon Steel	0.25% mpaka 0.60%
3	High Carbon steel	0.60% mpaka 1.5%

2. Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri:
Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi chitsulo cha alloy chomwe chili ndi 10.5% Chromium (Minimum). Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimawonetsa kukana kwa dzimbiri, chifukwa chopanga gawo lochepa kwambiri la Cr2O3 pamwamba pake. Chigawochi chimadziwikanso kuti passive layer. Kuchulukitsa kuchuluka kwa Chromium kumawonjezera kukana kwa dzimbiri kwa zinthuzo. Kuphatikiza pa Chromium, Nickel ndi Molybdenum amawonjezedwa kuti apereke katundu wofunidwa (kapena wowongoleredwa). Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chilinso ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Carbon, Silicon, ndi Manganese.

Zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zimatchulidwanso kuti;
1. Zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri za Ferritic
2. Martensitic Stainless Steel
3. Zitsulo Zosapanga dzimbiri za Austenitic
4. Duplex Zosapanga zitsulo
5. Mpweya-Kuumitsa (PH) Zitsulo Zosapanga dzimbiri

● Ferritic Stainless Steel: Zitsulo za Ferritic zimakhala ndi aloyi a Iron-Chromium okhala ndi ma cubic crystal structures (BCC). Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi maginito ndipo sizingaumitsidwe ndi chithandizo cha kutentha koma zimatha kulimbikitsidwa ndi kuzizira.
● Austenitic Stainless Steel: Zitsulo za Austenitic ndizosachita dzimbiri. Ndiwopanda maginito komanso osawotcha. Nthawi zambiri, zitsulo za austenitic ndizowotcherera kwambiri.
● Martensitic Stainless Steel: Zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri za Martensitic ndi zolimba kwambiri komanso zolimba koma sizingapse ndi dzimbiri monga magulu awiriwa. Zitsulo izi ndi zosinthika kwambiri, maginito, komanso zothana ndi kutentha.
● Duplex Stainless Steels: Duplex zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zimakhala ndi magawo awiri a microstructure omwe ali ndi njere za ferritic ndi austenitic zosapanga dzimbiri (ie Ferrite + Austenite). Zitsulo za Duplex ndizolimba kuwirikiza kawiri kuposa zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri za austenitic kapena ferritic.
● Zitsulo Zosawoneka bwino za Precipitation-Hardening (PH): Precipitation-Hardening (PH) Zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zimakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri chifukwa cha kuuma kwa mvula.

3. Chitsulo cha Aloyi
Mu aloyi zitsulo, mosiyanasiyana kuchuluka kwa zinthu alloying ntchito, kukwaniritsa ankafuna (zotukuka) katundu monga weldability, ductility, machinability, mphamvu, kuuma ndi dzimbiri kukana dzimbiri, etc. Zina mwa zinthu zogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri alloying ndi zotsatira zake ndi izi;
● Manganese - Imawonjezera mphamvu ndi kuuma, imachepetsa ductility ndi weldability.
● Silikoni - Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati deoxidizers omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zitsulo.
● Phosphorus - Imawonjezera mphamvu ndi kuuma ndipo imachepetsa ductility ndi notch kulimba kwachitsulo.
● Sulfure -Amachepetsa kusinthasintha, kulimba kwa notch, ndi kutenthedwa. Amapezeka mu mawonekedwe a sulfide inclusions.
● Mkuwa - kupirira bwino kwa dzimbiri.
● Nickel - Imawonjezera kuuma komanso mphamvu ya Impact yazitsulo.
● Molybdenum - Imawonjezera kuuma komanso imathandizira kukana kwachitsulo chazitsulo zotsika.

4. Chida Chitsulo
Zida zachitsulo zimakhala ndi mpweya wambiri (0.5% mpaka 1.5%). Mpweya wambiri wa carbon umapereka kuuma kwakukulu ndi mphamvu. Zitsulo izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga zida ndikufa. Chitsulo chachitsulo chimakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tungsten, cobalt, molybdenum, ndi vanadium kuti awonjezere kutentha ndi kukana kuvala, komanso kulimba kwachitsulo. Izi zimapangitsa zitsulo zachitsulo kukhala zabwino kwambiri kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito ngati zida zodulira ndi kubowola.

 

Gulu la Zitsulo la Jindalai limakhalabe lodzaza ndi zida zabwino kwambiri zazitsulo pamsika. Jindalai akhoza kukuthandizani kusankha zipangizo zoyenera zitsulo kuonetsetsa kuti mukupeza zomwe mukufuna mwamsanga ikafika nthawi yogula. Ngati kugula zinthu zachitsulo kukuyandikira, funsani mtengo. Tikupatsirani imodzi yomwe imakupezerani zomwe mukufuna mwachangu.

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