The kutsiriza ndondomeko ya mipope zitsulo ndi yofunika ndi ndondomeko yofunika kuthetsa zilema mu mipope zitsulo, kupititsa patsogolo khalidwe la mipope zitsulo, ndi kukwaniritsa zosowa za ntchito yapadera products.Steel chitoliro kutsirizitsa makamaka zikuphatikizapo: zitsulo chitoliro kuwongola, mapeto kudula. chamfering, sizing), kuyendera ndi kuyendera (kuphatikiza kuyang'ana kwapamwamba, kuyang'ana kwa geometric dimension, kuyendera kosawononga ndi kuyesa kwa hydraulic, etc.), kugaya, kuyeza kutalika, kulemera, kujambula, kusindikiza ndi kulongedza.Mapaipi ena apadera achitsulo amafunikanso kuwomberedwa pamwamba, kukonza makina, mankhwala odana ndi dzimbiri, etc.
(I) Zolakwika zowongola zitoliro zachitsulo ndi kupewa kwawo
⒈ Cholinga cha kuwongola chitoliro chachitsulo:
① Chotsani kupindika (kusakhala owongoka) komwe kumapangidwa ndi chitoliro chachitsulo panthawi yogubuduza, mayendedwe, chithandizo cha kutentha ndi njira yozizira.
② Chepetsani kuwuluka kwa mapaipi achitsulo
⒉ Zowonongeka zamtundu zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi chitoliro chachitsulo panthawi yowongoka: zokhudzana ndi chitsanzo cha makina owongoka, mawonekedwe a dzenje, kusintha kwa dzenje ndi makhalidwe a chitoliro chachitsulo.
⒊ Zolakwika zamtundu pakuwongola chitoliro chachitsulo: mapaipi achitsulo samawongoledwa (mapindika a chitoliro), opindika, opindika, osweka, zokopa ndi ma indentation, ndi zina zambiri.
(ii) Chitoliro chachitsulo chopera ndi kudula zolakwika ndi kupewa
⒈ Cholinga cha kugaya pamwamba pazipaipi zachitsulo: kuthetsa zolakwika zapamtunda zomwe zimaloledwa kukhalapo ndi miyezo yazitsulo zazitsulo koma ziyenera kukhala zoyera kuti ziwongolere pamwamba pazitsulo zazitsulo.
2. Zowonongeka chifukwa cha kugaya pamwamba pa mipope yachitsulo: Chifukwa chachikulu ndi chakuti kuya ndi mawonekedwe a malo opera pambuyo pogaya kupitirira zofunikira zomwe zafotokozedwa muyeso, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti m'mimba mwake ndi makulidwe a khoma la chitoliro chachitsulo chipitirire kupatuka kolakwika. kapena kukhala ndi mawonekedwe osakhazikika.
⒊ Chitsulo chitoliro akupera pamwamba akupera ayenera zambiri kukwaniritsa zofunika izi:
① Pambuyo pakuwonongeka kwa chitoliro chachitsulo kukonzedwa, makulidwe a khoma la malo okonzedwawo sangakhale ocheperapo kusiyana ndi kupatuka kwa khoma lachitoliro lachitsulo, ndipo kukula kwakunja kwa malo okonzedwawo kuyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira za kunja awiri a chitoliro zitsulo.
②Pambuyo pa chitoliro chachitsulo pansi, ndikofunikira kusunga pansi pa chitoliro chachitsulo ngati malo opindika osalala (arc kwambiri).Kuya kwakuya: m'lifupi: kutalika = 1:6:8
③ Pamene akupera chitoliro chachitsulo chonsecho, pasakhale zowotcha kapena zowoneka bwino za polygonal pamwamba pa chitoliro chachitsulo.
④Malo opera pamwamba pa chitoliro chachitsulo sayenera kupitirira chiwerengero chotchulidwa muyeso.
⒋ Zowonongeka zazikulu zomwe zimachitika chifukwa chodula chitoliro chachitsulo ndi: mbali yomaliza ya chitoliro chachitsulo siimayima, pali ma burrs ndi malupu, ndipo mbali ya bevel ndiyolakwika, ndi zina zotero.
⒌ Kupititsa patsogolo kuwongoka kwa chitoliro chachitsulo ndi kuchepetsa ovality ya chitoliro chachitsulo ndizofunikira kuti mutsimikizire kudulidwa kwa chitoliro chachitsulo.Kwa mapaipi achitsulo okhala ndi aloyi wambiri, kudula lawi kuyenera kupewedwa momwe mungathere kuti muchepetse ming'alu ya chitoliro.
(iii) Kuwonongeka kwa chitoliro chachitsulo pamwamba ndi kapewedwe kake
⒈ Kukonza chitoliro chachitsulo kumaphatikizapo: kuwombera pamwamba, kugaya padziko lonse ndi kukonza makina.
⒉ Cholinga: Kupititsa patsogolo mawonekedwe apamwamba komanso kulondola kwapaipi zachitsulo.
⒊ Zida zopera zonse za kunja kwa mapaipi achitsulo makamaka zimaphatikizapo: malamba abrasive, mawilo opera ndi makina opangira makina.Pambuyo pakupera kwathunthu kwa chitoliro chachitsulo, sikelo ya oxide pamwamba pa chitoliro chachitsulo imatha kuthetsedwa, kutha kwa chitoliro chachitsulo kumatha kusinthidwa, komanso kuchotsedwa kwa chitoliro chachitsulo.Zowonongeka zina zazing'ono monga ming'alu yaying'ono, mizere yatsitsi, maenje, zokopa, etc.
① Gwiritsani ntchito lamba wonyezimira kapena gudumu lopera kuti mupere pamwamba pa chitoliro chachitsulo.Zowonongeka zazikulu zomwe zitha kukhalapo ndi izi: khungu lakuda pamwamba pa chitoliro chachitsulo, makulidwe a khoma, malo osalala (ma polygons), maenje, amayaka ndi zizindikiro zovala, ndi zina zambiri.
② Khungu lakuda pamwamba pa chitoliro chachitsulo chimayamba chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kugaya kumakhala kochepa kwambiri kapena maenje pamwamba pa chitoliro chachitsulo.Kuonjezera kuchuluka kwa akupera kumatha kuthetsa khungu lakuda pazitsulo zachitsulo.
③ Kukula kwa khoma lachitsulo kwapaipi sikuloledwa chifukwa kupatuka koyipa kwa makulidwe a khoma la chitoliro chokha ndikokulirapo kapena kuchuluka kwa kugaya ndikokulirapo.
④ Kuwotcha pamwamba pa chitoliro chachitsulo kumayamba chifukwa cha kukhudzana kwambiri pakati pa gudumu lopera ndi pamwamba pa chitoliro chachitsulo, kuchuluka kwa chitoliro chachitsulo pakupera kumodzi, ndipo gudumu lopera lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito ndilovuta kwambiri.
⑤ Chepetsani kuchuluka kwa chitoliro chachitsulo chogaya nthawi imodzi.Gwiritsani ntchito gudumu lopera popera movutikira chitoliro chachitsulo ndi gudumu lopera bwino popera bwino.Izi sizingalepheretse kutentha kwa pamwamba pa chitoliro chachitsulo, komanso kuchepetsa zizindikiro zovala zomwe zimapangidwira pamwamba pa chitoliro chachitsulo.
⒋ Kuwombera pachitoliro chachitsulo
① Zitsulo chitoliro pamwamba kuwombera peening ndi kupopera chitsulo kuwombera kapena quartz mchenga kuwombera enaake pamwamba pa chitoliro zitsulo pa liwiro lalikulu kugwetsa sikelo okusayidi pamwamba kusintha kusalala kwa zitsulo chitoliro pamwamba.
②Kukula ndi kulimba kwa mchenga wowomberedwa ndi liwiro la jekeseni ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe zimakhudza mtundu wa kuwombera koyang'ana pamwamba pa chitoliro chachitsulo.
⒌ Kukonza chitoliro chachitsulo pamwamba
①Mapaipi ena achitsulo okhala ndi zofunikira zapamwamba zamkati ndi zakunja amafunikira makina.
②Kulondola kwa mawonekedwe, mawonekedwe a pamwamba ndi kupindika kwa mapaipi opangidwa ndi makina sikungafanane ndi mapaipi ogudubuza otentha.
Mwachidule, kutsirizitsa ndi njira yofunikira komanso yofunika kwambiri kuti muwonetsetse kuti mipope yachitsulo imakhala yabwino.Kulimbikitsa ntchito yomaliza mosakayika kudzathandiza kupititsa patsogolo ubwino wa mapaipi azitsulo.
Nthawi yotumiza: Apr-01-2024